To discuss the Government G.J. Daendels in the Dutch East Indies to note is the following : a) Background Daendels assignment and figure in the Dutch East Indies , b ) The main task Daendels , c ) strategies / measures Daendels ( kebijakan2 ) , and d ) issue / barriers faced by Daendels .
Background Assignment H.W. Daendels as Governor -General
The Netherlands and the European Political Conditions
Before discussing the background and purpose of the assignment Daendels in the Dutch East Indies need to be discussed prior political conditions in Europe which helped determine the status of the Dutch European arena .
In 1803 , war again broke out in Europe . Especially imperialist war between the two countries ( modern ) large in the century , Britain and France , which have a devastating impact on the conditions in Europe and even in various other parts of the world who are part of the colony / colonies both the imperialist countries . Britain is stronger in the ocean is a major enemy of France is more powerful in the land . Both countries have a long history of rivalry and compete to demonstrate superiority and prestige as the most powerful imperialist country . Even in terms of ownership of the colony .
These conditions impact the countries of Europe including the Netherlands mperialis . In 1804, Napoleon Bonaparte became Emperor , while his brother , Louis ( Lodewijk ) Napoleon , became the king of the Netherlands . Thus , the Kingdom of the Netherlands became the vassal France ( French colonies ) . It means , that all the Dutch colony , indirectly , to the French . Including the Dutch East Indies ( archipelago ) .
Thus , machete uproar in Europe ( French - British rivalry ) will also get to Asia , particularly Southeast Asia , diamana English ( with EIC his name ) that it already has a colony in India has come up the Peninsula region ( Malaysia , Singapore) . And ready to seize the archipelago . In short , it can be said that what is happening in Europe also have an impact on the fate of the nation.
Background Assignment Daendels
As mentioned above , in brief , that the European war involving two big imperialist countries to Asia , especially Southeast Asia . Rivalry between the two looks when Britain , which already has a colony in India , has been located in the peninsula malaya . Malaysia and Singapore managed to be the basis of military power in the Asia region . This means , that a Dutch colony in the archipelago are very threatened seized by the British . The increasingly serious threat again after Napoleon Bonaparte staged the British continental system , the politics of the British naval blockade in Europe that break the link between the UK with the outside world .
In the chaotic situation , relations with the European Dutch East Indies lost anyway . Dutch and French government was well aware that it is impossible to send aid to Batavia . That can be waged was just sent a Governor -General who can act better , it means to do something quickly to anticipate possible attacks to the Nusantara English ( mainly Java , which is the center of colonial administration ) .
Thus , sending the Herman Willem Daendels . A Dutchman , a former lawyer , and a patriot , general , and admirer of Napoleon Bonaparte , to carry out the difficult task . In fact , so difficult , Daendels arrival to the archipelago had to be spinning away through the Americas ( New York ) and the use of American vessels to get to Java .
Main Goal Assignment Daendels in the Dutch East Indies
Pretty obvious what the main task Daendels as Governor -General in the Dutch East Indies . Nothing more for political reasons in the first place and of economic interests , as has been unraveled in the background above . Daendels duties under the direct command and supervision of the Ministry of Colonies ( Ministerie van kolonien ) led by Paul van der Heim .
Daendels main task is the development of defenses against the British archipelago . In addition , when carrying out their duties , Daendels also faced with economic problems that do not support his policies ( typical Dutch East Indies government - poor ) , as well as socio - political issues that are considered to hinder his plans . This is the picture of the conditions that must be urgently addressed directly implemented by the Governor General.
Thus it is clear that the main task is to maintain the archipelago Daendels of the threat of British attack . And in the following section , will be described rencana-rencana/kebijakan-kebijakan Daendels in performing his duties as Governor General of the Dutch East Indies .
Daendels policies
Has been described in the previous section that the GJ task Daendels in the Dutch East Indies is no more support the needs of the French war - also Dutch - both military and financial , so Daendels demanding immediate measures to realize these tasks . Because of these factors of leadership is an adherent of liberalism is often referred to as the Governor General of her " iron fist " . It can be seen from the policies made by the Governor General.
Strengthen Military Defense
Defense sector is a major problem faced by Daendels . Not surprisingly, these measures affect other policies . Daendels faced with the major problem is the weakness of the armed forces and the defense of Java against the British attack . Karenya Daendels made two urgent policy to strengthen the defense of the Netherlands East Indies .
First , in order to increase the number of soldiers - who at the number of soldiers in Java no more than 2000 personnel , even those armed only 1/3-nya - both land and naval forces , Daendels recruit against the natives to be trained to be military ( militia ) . Bumiputera most soldiers come from Manado , Java , and Madura . With demkian he managed to increase the number of armed forces 18,000 to 20,000 soldiers .
To support the military equipped to make almost all areas / aspects touched by Daendels plan . For example, to provide supplies military uniforms she forced farmers to spin yarn and weave cloth . Later in Semarang , Gamelan makers turned into factory workers miseu for weapons purposes . Sentra craftsmen in Gresik copper kitchen utensils , converted into a weapons factory ( rifle : a type of rifle ) . Soon be built in Surabaya naval base . Koningsplein ( now Freedom Square - Banteng ) used as a military training ground , and not far from a military hospital was built (now the Gatot Subroto Army Hospital ) .
Second , the construction Grote Postweg ( Post Road ) Anyer - Panarukan . Along the road no less than 1000 km is built to support the mobility of the military to become more go to fast and easy . Mainly to keep vital defense outposts along the northern coast of Java . Sweatshop - was applied to the construction of the giant project . Since the number of human labor required for the construction of the road and pressed by time , work shall be the method of choice for Daendels .
Thanks to the existence of the Post Road ( now known as the north coast road ) , not only provides benefits in the military field , but carry significance for economic mobility , social , and even political . Stagecoach journey Anyer - Panarukan which takes up to several months can be shortened to just six days .
That need to be concluded here , in order to realize the above programs Daendels use in ways that further demonstrate the traditional system ( conventional ) . Of these factors condition / urgent reality of the Governor General. In addition , no fewer operational costs required to support the work of Daendels . So demanding Daendels to take the next steps . Daendels step in the economic field shows the ways which he passes like conventional ways , ie, exploitation of natural resources and SDM.s
blog:http://garduopini.wordpress.com/2012/02/07/gubernur-jenderal-herman-willem-daendels-1808-1811-_-bagian-pertama/
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